William Straw - whoever he was




The American commission reported that "We learned from testimony
regarding the killing of John Sherlock of Skerries, an Irish
Republican, by British agents, that one Penstraw, who is alleged to
have acted as guide to the British at the sack of Balbriggan, had been
assassinated there about a month later. Altogether we have been able
to trace thirty assassinations of members of the Imperial British
forces, presumably at the hands of the Irish (five accused with
Swanzyof the murder of Lord Mayor MacCurtain, Smyth, fourteen officers
in Dublin, two at Thurles and the others noted).
But "Penstraw" is a surname that does not exist anywhere.
But I did find this here . Penstraw appears to have been shot and buried at Skerries and the
bodied surfaced a month later. The shooting of Sherlock appears to
have been a retaliation for Penstraw's death. So he left the
town the day after, and he was in Skerries. The report was that
the Skerries Volunteers put him out of Skerries. That was the
report. That was about three or four days afterwards. About a
month after that, there was a body got about eight miles away in
a ditch. It turned out to be Penstraw. He was not buried right.
There was heavy rains on. There was some young lads in the
ditch getting blackberries, and they found the body. Well, then, he was identified. The police were very active,
and he was identified as Penstraw.
WS 1043 by Joseph Leonard of the local IRA at the time sheds light on the execution.
... but this was a
stranger who appeared quite suddenly and who gave no
plausible account of himself. He became known as Jack
Straw, whether this was the name he gave himself or
whether it was an appellation applied by the country people
I do not know, but he was viewed with the suspicion
that any such stranger excited at the time. After the
sack of Balbriggan the story of his appearance there in
company with the R.I.C. began to circulate and Volunteer
Intelligence Officers, began a check-up, but now it seemed
the individual had disappeared. He was reported again
in the district about a fortnight later, but no responsible Volunteer Officer could manage to get sight of him
until one day Dan Brophy happened to be in Lusk on business -
he was at the time employed as the driver of the motor van
belonging to the Swords Co-operative Society - and he was
told by one of the local Volunteers that the now notorious
Jack Straw had passed through the town some ten minutes earlier
heading towards Corduff. Brophy did not know Jack Straw by sight and so he took his informant with him in the van
and in due course passed and had identified to him the
wanted man. Brophy drove on to Corduff where he called to
the house of the Kelly family. Joe Kelly was the Brigade
Intelligence Officer. There he found his brother Tommy
Kelly, whom he informed of the situation and obtained a
weapon and some cord to tie up the intended prisoner,
and returning the road he had come he accosted the supposed
beggar and invited him to accept a lift in the van, which he
did. The prisoner was taken to Dempsey's mill at Grace
Dieu, where Brophy handed him over to Willie Dempsey with
very strict injunctions as to his. safe custody. Willie,
I believe, took this very seriously, and to ensure that he
would not escape tied him to one of the heavy stanchions
which supported an upper floor of the mill. Meanwhile
Brophy made contact with the Brigade Commander and a formal
courtmartial of the prisoner was arranged for that night
at the mill. Brophy told me afterwards that he found it difficult to convince the Brigade Commander who presided on the courtmartial that the evidence against the prisoner
was sufficiently conclusive to warrant his conviction as an
enemy agent, but the court finally agreed on a verdict
and Straw was condemned to death. The execution was carried
out later by Brophy and Joe Kelly, and in the end Straw
admitted that he was in fact a British Intelligence Officer
and died bravely. When Brophy asked him whether he had
anything to say before he died, he stood erect and folded
his arms replying: "No, when I undertook this mission I
was fully aware of what the end might be and now I accept
my fate without complaint". Jack Shields, another of the Ballyboughal Officers,
had been instructed to prepare a grave in a field on the
hill north of Ballyboughal near the "Nag's Head", but when
the execution party arrived late at night they found the
tools were there but no grave dug. The body was therefore
placed in a dry ditch and the earth from the bank above
thrown in on it. Cattle in the fields, however, stamped
over the fresh earth within the following day or two
and so exposed the body, which was removed by a searching
party of Black and Tans a little later.
WS 1398 has less An ex-British
army soldier, who went by the name of Jack Straw - which was
not his real name, guided the Tans around the town and
pointed out to them the houses to burn. Straw was not a
native of the area. He was subsequently arrested by us for
the part he played that night, and was duly executed.
WS 1399 is not any more forthcoming . When Balbriggan was burned by the Tans consequent
on the shooting of a couple of that force in a publichouse,
there was a man named Hemstraw who was either a serving or an
ex-British soldier, who led the Tans around and pointed out
the houses of Volunteers; and Sinn Féiners to them. We
were very anxious to pick up this man and eventually did. so.
He was courtmartialled and shot
So putting it all together what can we say

It is about 6 miles from Balbriggan to the body
- A man calling himself "William Straw" or "Penstraw" lived in Balbriggan for some months before the sack of Balbriggan. On asks the question "why was he in Balbriggan", the answer presumably was to spy on local IRA men, and it was co-incidental the the events took place (the murder of the policemen) that led to the Sack of Balbriggan.
- Whatever else, "Straw" had to a suspect if there were an informer, given that he was not a local and some say spoke with an English accent
- Apr 1920. Straw lodged with a Mrs Rosie Donnelly, a fish seller in Quay St. He arrived at an undetermined time "about when the Black and Tans arrived in Ireland". So not earlier than Apr 1920, and another report puts his arrival about April
- The inquiry evidence says that he was living with a local man and his wife, and that Straw was a nephew of the wife. Both these statements may be correct, and Mrs Donnelly may have been his aunt, but it would be difficult to see that Mrs Donnelly was his aunt if he were English
- 20 Sep 1920 District Inspector Burke RIC and his brother Sergeant Burke were murdered in a bar in Balbriggan
- A few hours later, on the same evening, a force of Black and Tans from the nearby Gormanstown Camp took revenge in an event known as the "Sack of Balbriggan". They murdered two suspected IRA men (James Lawless & John Gibbons), damaged or destroyed 49 houses, a hosiery factory (owned by a London firm and managed by an Englishman). It received more wide-spread publicity than previous RIC reprisals (This is probably due to the fact that Balbriggan is relatively close to Dublin and therefore within easier reach of the Dublin-based foreign correspondents.) ‘We left Balbriggan and got back
to camp about three o’clock in the morning,’ a Black and Tan who took part in this raid said.
- 21 Sep 1920. Straw left Balbriggan and went to Skerries. Though why is strange. If he were a spy, and he knew that he had been rumbled, then one would have thought that he would have gone straight back to Gormanstown Camp if he had been with the raiding party. It may have been that he actually was on his way there when he was picked up. He was said to be carrying 2 loaded revolvers, and to have been stopped by 2 volunteers in Skerries, but ran away from them
- One source says Straw was picked up and taken to McNally's Barn on the Balrothery Rd (I cannot find that barn). Here he was courtmartialed by North Dublin Brigade and shot.
- Another source, Joseph Leonard says Jack Straw had passed through the town (Lusk) some ten minutes earlier
heading towards Corduff. The Kelly brothers picked Straw up on that road. The prisoner was taken to Dempsey's mill at Grace
Dieu. I tend to think that Leonard is the more accurate account of Straw's capture and execution. He was an officer in the local IRA at that time and later a Colonel in Irish Army
- WS 1399 by Thomas Peppard says that "When Balbriggan was burned by the Tans consequent
on the shooting of a couple of that force in a public house,
there was a man named Hemstraw (sic) who was either a serving or an
ex-British soldier, who led the Tans around and pointed out
the houses of Volunteers; and Sinn Féiners to them. We
were very anxious to pick up this man and eventually did. so.
He was courtmartialled and shot.
- Straws body was found on 21 Oct 1920 at Bettyville and exhumed the next day. It had been shallowly buried in a remote spot.
- Police murdered Sherlock, a local IRA man in retaliation on 27 Oct 1920.
- The inquiry also said that Straw was an ex-soldier, had served in Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders, had served in Mesopotamia and Palestine and had been wounded twice.
- The inquiry put his age at 30 and a death cert exists for "William Straw". Death Vol 2, p247
Regiment - If it was not Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders, what could have been, most like runner so far is
- Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders did not serve in Mesopotamia or Palestine. Nor is there a "Straw" in that regiment.
- Seaforth Highlanders did serve in Mesopotamia or Palestine. There is a Capt Percy William Straw in this regiment who does fit the profile required.
- August 1914 : in Agra, India. Part of the Dehra Dun Brigade in Meerut Division.
21 September 1914 : moved to France, landing at Marseilles on 12 October 1914.
December 1915 : moved to Mesopotamia, landing at Basra late in the month. Formation was by now renamed 21st Brigade, 7th Indian Division.
4 February 1916 : owing to heavy casualties, formed the Highland Battalion with 2nd Bn, the Black Watch.
12 July 1916 : resumed former title.
January 1918 : moved to Palestine, arriving Suez 13 January 1918. 9 Mar 1918 he lost his right leg.
- 1891 Mar 23. Born Basford, Notts. Percy William Straw.
- 1891 census at Main Street, Carlton. His father is a poor law rate collector

- 1901 census with his parents at 2, Nettleworth Hall, Warsop

- 1911 census living with his brother at 36 Main St E Carlton, Nottinghamshire. He is a clerk
-
- 1914 Sep 7. Joined at Fort George as a Private Soldier
- 1914 Oct 22. The undermentioned to be temporary
Second Lieutenants.
1914. Percy William Straw.
- 1914 Oct 24. Service battalions.
The undermentioned temporary Second
Lieutenants' are transferred from (Reserve)
Battalions with seniority from the dates
shown against their names. Seaforth Highlanders, Percy W. Straw.
- 1915 Sep 30. Seaforth Highlanders. The undermentioned temporary Second
Lieutenants to be temporary Lieutenants:
Percy W. Straw.
- 1917 Jul 20 Sea. Highrs. ;
The undermentioned temp. Lts. to be actg.
Capts. :
P. W. Straw
- 1917 Sep 26. Gazetted MC
- 1917 Married at Basford, Notts to Fanny M Parrott ?
- 1918 Jan 8. Citation for MC "T./Lt. Percy William Straw, Sea. Highrs.
For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to
duty. When a strong hostile counter-attack
had driven back troops on his flank, he at
once formed a defensive flank, and by his
fine personal example and leadership enabled
the line to be held and gave time for our
counter-attack to drive back the enemy and
restore the situation.
- 1918 Mar 9. Severely wounded
- 1918 Mar 18 On leave, in hospital, following right leg amputation
- 1918 Nov 10 Leave expires, but he goes to a fitting hospital Roehampton to get artificial leg. He does not go back to the army and continues with sick leave till he resigns his commission
- 1919 Jun 6. He writes to war office saying he wants to return to pre-war occupation, and seems keen to leave army
- 1919 Jul 24. Sea. Highrs.
Temp. Capt. P. W. Straw, M.C., relinquishes
his commission on account of ill health
caused by wounds and
retains the rank of Capt.
-
- 1920 Mar 18. He commutes some of his wound pension for a lump sum of £774
- The Balbriggan man, whoever he was, was in Balbriggan from Apr 1920 till his death around 22 Sep 1920. The body was discovered 21 Oct 1920.
- 1920 Jul 5. He writes with an address 194 Hainton Av, Grimsby about commuting his pension for a lump sum.
-
- 1920 Aug 14. He commutes some more of his pension for a cash payment
- The last entry on his pension file appears to be 8 Oct 1920
- A query on his file from 1931 gives his last known address as 27 High St, Mablethorpe, Lincs
- Because Percy Straw is an unusual name it is easily checkable for deaths in UK - there are only two recorded, and neither is close enogh in age to be him
- There is not enough conclusive evidence to say whether this man is, or is not, the Straw who lived at Balbriggan. Certainly there are no pension file references to him after Oct 1920 , and the body of the Balbriggan man was found 21 Oct 1920. In addition there is no GRO record of a Percy Straw death of right age in UK in later years. The only way I can see to get more definite proof would be to find a reference to the Balbriggan man having an artificial leg.
Relatives in Balbriggan
- Rosia Donnelly has been named in the above account as his aunt. The only one in Irish Census is this one

- There are actually 6 lodgers in this household in 1901 census. That census also gives Rose as born Louth.
- However Rose is clearly Irish, so it would only be if Straw's mother was a sister of Rose that he could be her nephew. And this Percy William Straw 's mother is born in England
Black and Tans
- No "Straw" enlisted in RIC
The death certificate for "William Straw" found dead in the shallow grave at Bettyville 21 Oct 1920

Thompson's Intelligence men